A Glossary of Aviation - Terms and Abbreviations
Aviation related terms and definitions
used in association with civil flight obtained from the Code of Federal
Regulations, Federal Aviation Regulations, and many other sources (general
abbreviations and those specific to Aerofiles can be found on our Codes page).
Cross references are in CAPITAL letters.
ABSOLUTE ALTITUDE - The measureable height of an aircraft above the actual
terrain.
ABSOLUTE CEILING - The maximum altitude above sea level at which an aircraft can
maintain level flight under Standard Air conditions.
ACCELERATED STALL - Any stall made to occur at other than 1g.
ACCESSORY GROUP - Mechanical and electrical units mounted on an engine necessary
for its operation, such as starter, magnetos, fuel pumps, etc.
ADCOCK RANGE - National low-frequency radio navigation system (c.1930-c.1950)
replaced by an omnirange (VOR) system. It consisted of four segmented quadrants
broadcasting Morse Code "A" (dot-dash) and "N" (dash-dot) signals in opposing
quadrants so that pilots could orient their position relative to a "beam"
broadcasting a steady tone, and a Morse Code station identifier. Using a
"build-and-fade" technique, a pilot could (ideally) pinpoint his location by the
strength or weakness of a signal. Read about it here.
ADF - Automatic Direction Finding via automated radio.
ADIABATIC LAPSE RATE - The rate at which ascending air cools and descending air
warms, given that no heat is added or taken away. The rate for dry air (DALR) is
based on 5.4° F per 1000' altitude (1° per 100 meters). Moist or saturated rates
(SALR) vary with barometric pressures and temperatures and must be adjusted for
accuracy.
ADVERSE YAW - Yaw generated when the ailerons are used. The lifting wing
generates more drag, causing an airplane to yaw (turn) toward it.
AGL - Above Ground Level, as a measurement of altitude above a specific land
mass, and differentiated from MSL.
AILERON - The movable areas of a wingform that control or affect the roll of an
aircraft by working opposite one another—up-aileron on the right wing and
down-aileron on the left wing.French: aileron small wing, diminutive of aile,
from Latin: ala,wing. The word "aisle" also derives from the same root.(Above
pic proves that birds invented ailerons long before man did.)
AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) - The area of airspace over land or
water, extending upward from the surface, within which the ready identification,
the location, and the control of aircraft are required in the interest of
national security.
Domestic Air Defense Identification Zone - An ADIZ within the United States
along an international boundary of the United States.
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